Mignon House, 9 Abbey
Green, Bath |
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The fine Georgian building we see today replaced an earlier one whose description and history is revealed in a lease dated 1742, which can now be seen in the Manvers Collection at Nottingham University. For all the properties we now see in Abbey Green were originally owned by this family through descent from John Hall of Bradford on Avon who had purchased the estate from the Colhurst family in 1612. He was to develop it and many houses were built soon after. Some of these survive to this day in their unaltered state such as “Sally Lunns” and “2-3 Abbey Green”. No doubt one of these gabled properties originally stood on the site of Minion House. The early Lease tells us that “John Hall of Bradford on Avon in the county of Wilts, Esq. since deceased gave unto John Wiltshire of the city of Bath in the said County of Somerset, Carpenter since also deceased of the messuage or tenement here in after mentioned for the term of four score & 19 years Determinable on the several decrees of the said John Wiltshire, John Wiltshire his Son ( both since deceased ) & William Wiltshire his brother”.It shows us that a 99 year lease had been given to John Wiltshire and his descendants for a small ground rent on a plot of ground on which he would have had built a house in which he may have lived or rented out. The Wiltshire family were very wealthy and influential in the city. Again, returning to the document we learn that it had been renewed in 1684 by William Player and again in 1734. It was in this year that the Duke of Kingston, who had inherited the Estate: “made & granted by the said Duke of Kingston to John Chapman Scott & Robert Robins of the same messuage for the term of four score and 19 years to commence from and immediately after the end expiration or other sooner determined of the said term of four scare and 19 years”. It would seem John Chapman Scott had taken out a new 99-year lease on the property and was paying £5 a year ground rent to the Duke. From studying the City Records we find that he was a Cordwainer (Shoemaker) who had married Elizabeth Chapman. a Widow in 1716. They were to be blessed with a daughter, Sarah who was baptised in St. James Church in 1722. Records for Bath abbey show that John Chapman Scott was buried there in 1734. His widow, Elizabeth was to renew her lease with the Duke soon after and again the Lease informs us: This Indre made the 25th day of December 1742 Between the noble Evelyn, Duke of Kingston upon Hull of the one part & Elizabeth Scott of the Parish of Widcombe in the County of Somerset, Widow of the other part Witnesseth that for in consideration of a good and perfect surrender already had and made by the said Elizabeth Scott. If Sarah Scott, the daughter of the said Robert Chapman Scott should so long live and in consideration also of the sum of £35 of good and lawful money of Great Britain to the said Duke of Kingston”. The Lease had now been changed after she paid the Duke £35 for it to include her daughter, Sarah and continued paying him £5 a year ground rent. It also shows us that Elizabeth was then living in Widcombe, on the edge of Bath and was no doubt leasing 9 Abbey Green. When she died in 1758, she was buried with her husband in Bath Abbey. This was also to be the year in which her daughter, Sarah Scott was to marry John Brabant of Bradford on Avon, who was shown as a widower on the license for the ceremony held in St. James Church in Bath. |
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A
view of Abbey Green in 1785 and the same view today. Mignon House (no. 9) has
a passage way on the ground floor at that time which went through to Stall Street.The
building now known as the Crystal Palace public house, built by Thomas Baldwin
c.1780 had an additional storey which was removed in 1933. The Plane Tree to be
seen today was planted c.1790. |
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A
History of Mignon House (no. 9 Abbey Green) |
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A Plan of Roman Bath, based on excavations. In 1964 there was a major excavation on the north side of Abbeygate Street where a substantial masonry House from the third century A.D. was found. A fine mosaic was uncovered by the proprieter of the Crystal Palace public house in 1982. This was only a fragment of a late second century pavement, and the rest may well be in the cellar of the adjoining number 9 Abbey Green. In 1814 there was an early reference to a mosaic in the court yard at the rear of the "Crystal Palace"and there is also a Roman Well in the cellar of the neighbouring Elton House. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bath in 1174 |
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A
Model in the Abbey Heritage Centre showing the Area around Abbey Green as it would
have looked in 1300. The Bishops Palace can be seen almost touching the rear of
Minion House (9 Abbey Green). Whilst the adjoining Crystal Palace stands on the
site of the Saxon St. James Church which in 1279 was replaced with a new church
by the South Gate. The former church`s Nave becomes the Bishop`s own chapel.Medieval
deeds refer to the land east of Stall Street as the Bishop`s Court. After the
dissolution both buildings were used as quarries and the stone re-used in surrounding
buildings. The Abbeygate demolished in 1733 is shown as the main entrance to the precincts, only an iron hinge on a wall by Blacks shop remains of it, although a fragment of the ancient Abbey Wall can still be seen in little Orchard Street, behind Marks & Spencers. |
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A Bird`s Eye view of Bath c. 1600, engraved from a drawing by physician Henry Savile. This is an amazing map as it shows a bird`s eye view on the area and has only come to light in recent years. The Abbey Gate is clearly seen, and the wall along side it still exists in Little Orchard Street. There was obviously an earlier building on the site of Minion House (no. 9 Abbey Green) and what appears to be a path to a passage under the building which lead to a knotted garden at the rear. the adjoining garden is now the site of the Crystal Palace public house. A water conduit can be seen on the corner of the garden, this feature was obviously taken into account when rebuilkding as it still justs out.Abbey Green was more extensive then as the houses against the eastern wall were not to be built until 1698. Another interesting feature is the ditch running alomg Abbey Lane. This was the outflow for the waters from the King`s Bath which went on down to the river Avon. Visitors came into the court through the great gate of the priory, which survived until 1733. John Wood described a 'middle aperture' and a 'northern postern'. Picture a large gateway vaulted high enough for heavily-laden carts and a smaller one for pedestrians, like the surviving one at Cleeve Abbey. It was served by a lay porter, who had a lodge beside it. He would have peered through a grille to check your identity before he let you in. |
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Gilmore`s
Map of Bath in 1692. It shows Abbey Green with the gateway at the bottom leading
from Abbeygate Street. Minion House (no. 9 Abbey Green) would have had a gabled
roof. Gilmor depicted the adjoining Building, Mr. Webbs Lodging, which was later
rebuilt as the Crystal Palace.Abbey Gate Street is described as Leet Lane after
the stream that ran down it to the river from the King`s Bath. |
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The Duke of Kingston |
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Mr
Reynold`s Map of Bath made for the Duke of Kingston in 1725. This map is a later
copy as the original was lost and is the first accurate depiction of the center.
It shows the path that ran between Minion House and the neighbouring building
(now the Crystal Palace) through to the stables and lodgings of the Three Tuns
on Stall Street. Abbey Green has shrunk with the additional building on its east
side. |
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Harcourt Masters Map of Abbey Green 1795. This shows that Minion House has lost the passage way through it. It is shown passing through the neighbouring building (now the Crystal Palace). |
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1803 |
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G.P.
Manners Map of Abbey Green 1816 shows the newly constructed Swallow Lane linking
Abbeygate Street with York Street. |
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The
drainage Map for Abbey Green |
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Ordnance
Survey Map of Abbey Green Area 1885 |
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Coad Insurance Plan of Abbey Green Area 1926 |
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Aerial
view of Abbey Green today |
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Abbey
Gate Hanger from Gate way that was demolished in 1730. This can be seen by the
modern gateway opposite the entrance to Marks and Spencers |
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Abbey
Green by S. Luxton c.1910 showing a gentleman looking in the window of Minion
House (no.9) when it was owned by Thomas Curtis, a tailor. |
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Abbey
Green c. 1910 (paul de`ath collection) |
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Crystal Palace in 1900 with its third storey which was later removed. |
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1914 |
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Abbey
Green c. 1960 |
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A pen and watercolour
wash by William Blackamore in 1785 showing the Crystal Palace with a passage way
to the left through Mignion House (9 Abbey Green) which lead originally to the
Three Tuns Inn in Stall Street. Signs of the passage still can be seen in the
small window and an interior wall inside. |
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Abbey
Green in 1920 |
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Abbey
Green in 1920 |
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Trickers Shoe shop in 2006 |
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Samuel
& Nathaniel Buck`s View of Bath 1734 showing the area around Abbey. |
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Samuel
& Nathaniel Buck`s View of Bath 1734 showing the area around the Abbey. The
area encircled with the red line is Abbey Green. See Aerila photo above to compare. |
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Thomas Robins view
of Bath in 1757 showing 33-The Grove, 34 - Mr Simsons Assembly Rooms, 38- Orchard
Street Theatre, 40 - Abbey Green, 30 - St. Mary`s Church, now a School,
39 - Galloways Buildings. |
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An Engraving by Harvey Wood showing the old St. James Church in foreground and Abbey Green in the centre. The domed building on the extreme right is that of a school that stood there once. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Abbey Gate Street demolition |
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Map
of Bath in 1300 |
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Speeds
Map of Bath c.1600. F marks Abbey Green with its gateway leading from Abbey Gate
Street |
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Stukeley`s
Map of Bath 1724 |
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The Three Tuns Lodgings stood opposite the Baths in Stall Street. |
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Mr Webbs Lodgings in the Abbey Green as it appears on Gilmor`s Map of Bath in 1694, which was the forerunner of the present day "Crystal Palace". |
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The Three Tuns can be seen as the gabled building on the left foreground of this engraving of 1675 by Johnson. |
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Mr
Webbs lodgings in Abbey Green is now replaced with the 18th century building known
as the Crystal Palace public house.The Duke of Kingstons map below shows it projecting
out on the west side of Abbey Green. |
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Map
of Abbey Green Area - 1803, it shows clearly the passage way from the rear of
Stall Street to Abbey Green through 9 Abbey Green, now just a small window shows
where the 6 feet wide entrance was. |
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Roy Wain, the land lord of
the Crystal Palace became a celebrity when he uncovered several skeletons and
a Roman mosaic in the cellar in 1981. It was decided not to try to move the mosaic,
but to preserve it underneath a layer of polythene and sand, where it remains
today. A photograph above shows the fine detailing of this section of the floor. |
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1800
Samuel Davis - Hairdresser |
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1812
Johnson - Carpenter |
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1819
Parker - Ivory and hard wood turner |
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Mrs. Bailey 1828 |
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The 1841 Census shows Charles Morgan, a Jeweller, living at 9 Abbey Green with his wife, Eliza and daughter Mary Ann and son Alfred. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mr. Morgan in 1845 |
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Abbey
Green Directory 1858 |
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1861 Census shows Thomas Curtis as a Taylor at 9 Abbey Green |
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Abbey
Green Directory 1864 |
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Abbey
Green Directory 1876 |
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1886 Indenture |
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Abbey
Green Directory 1886 |
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1934 |
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Tupra,
the jewellers in Abbey Green was once owned by sisters called Curtis who sold
everything and anything from liquorice to paraffin. The interesting thing is that
Bath chairs were also housed there at one time. They were lined up twelve in a
row and hired out at sixpence a week. The big right hand window was once a door
through which they could be trundled. |
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The plan above shows clearly the passage way that went to the right of the entrance to 9 Abbey Green and is now a small window. It lead originally to the rear of the Three Tuns Inn on Stall Street. The building on the right is now the Crystal Palace. |
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Map c.1740 of Abbey Green area. |
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Abbey green lease 1742 |
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27th March 1683 Elizabeth daughter of Mr William and Mary Chapman baptised at Bath Abbey. |
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Marriage License of John Chapman Scott who was a Cordswainer (Shoe maker) to Elizabeth Chapman. who was a Widow in 1716 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sarah Scott, born to John Scott in Parish of St. James, Bath on 25th February,1722. |
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John Chapman Scotts Burial in Bath Abbey in 1734 |
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Mrs Elizabeth Scotts Burial in Bath Abbey in 1758. |
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Marriage of John Brabant of Bradford on Avon to Sarah Scott in 1758. He was a Carpenter and no doubt was the builder with Jelly of 9 Abbey Green, which may well have incorporated part of the earlier gabled building on the site previously onwed by his mother in law, Elizabeth Scott. |
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In 1765 John Brabant took out a building lease on 21 and 22 The Circus from John Wood. Major John André and No.22, The Circus, Bath ... bought on Christmas Eve 1766 from John Brabant and Mark Davis, cabinet-makers of Bath.
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Abstract of Will of John Brabant, Cabinet maker of Bath, Somerset. Proved in the Court of Bath and Wells in 1805. He is shown as still owning 9 Abbey Green, which he had inherited on the death of his wife in 1798.
July 22nd 1805 sum sworn for is £600 |
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To be SOLD by Auction, by DANIEL DICKES, on Thursday the 14th inftant, and following day, at the House one door below the Tuns paflage, in the Abbey-Green, All the Neat and Genuine HOUSEHOLD GOODS at the said Houfe ; 14 September 1780 - Bath Chronicle
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In September 1780 John Brabant, whose wife inherited 9 Abbey Green is shown to let the property, which is described has having 17 rooms with access to the passage that went to the side of the building linking the Three Tuns in Stall Strret with Abbey Green. the small side window would have once been its entrance. |
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1771 Goods: Brabant & Co have removed their new & second hand furniture, china & glass business from warehouse in Quiet St, Bath to larger warehouse on corner Union Passage & Cross Bath Pump Room. Clean household goods bought or exchanged. 1780 Goods: auction - household goods of house 1 door below Tuns Psg, Abbey Green, Bath 14 & 15 Sep by Daniel Dickes. Enq Mr Brabant, toy warehouse, Union Psg, Bath; or D. Dickes, Market Pl, Bath. House to be let suitable for lodging or trade 1780 December Property: to let - a house with 17 rooms in Abbey Green Bath. An additional light may be made into Three Tuns Passage. Partcs at Brabant, cabinet & toy shop, Union Pssge, Cross Bath. 1780 Finance: all persons indebted to estate of John Milner, decd at The Punch Bowl, Horse St, Bath to pay Mr John Brabant, Union Pssge, or Mr Thomas Coatsworth, servant to the late Sir William Quinton (the excrs of said John Milner). Creditors to send A/Cs to excrs. 1782 Property: ## to let - house on on S-W side of Kingsmead Square, Bath, with 3 sorts of water, lofty rooms, free from offensive smells as sewers contrived to prevent such, large room convenient for workshop in upper part of house, excellent shop against the street. Enq John Brabant, Cross Bath; S. Hazard, Cheap St, Bath. 1788 Finance: wanted to purchase annuity of about £30 p.a for life of person 62 years, good security. Enq Mr Brabant, toy & electrical man nr Cross Bath, Bath. 1798 Deaths: Mrs Brabant, wife of Mr Brabant, medical electrician of this city on Thursday |
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Grand electrical apparatus. In the possession of Mr. F. Lowndes medical electrician, St. Pauls Church Yard. This machine, esteemed the most complete and powerful in Europe, has established the medical character of the electric fluid as an efficient remedy in many of the most obstinate diseases. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
My research on Taylor has now established precisely how the house came into the possession of the André family and, earlier, of the artist himself. Documents in the city archives show, first of all, that the residence was bought on Christmas Eve 1766 from John Brabant and Mark Davis, cabinet-makers of Bath by John Taylor and his father Abraham (BC153/562/1); Abraham Taylor, formerly Colonel of the Association Regiment in Philadelphia, was a friend of Benjamin Franklin and co-founder with him of the John André: engraved frontispiece self-portrait in J.H. Smith’s ‘An Authentic Narrative Of The Causes Which Led To The Death of Major John André’ (London, 1808). The Survey of Bath and District No.24, 2009 51 Public Academy in that city, and had returned to England after making his fortune. The papers also reveal that 22 years later John Taylor, ‘only son and heir of Abraham Taylor of Bath, Esquire, deceased’, and Rebecca his wife sold it by a lease and release dated 23-4 November 1788 to Mary Hannah André, Ann Margaret André and Louisa Catherine André, ‘all of Bath, spinsters’, for the sum of £1,850 (BC153/562/4). John Taylor is now said to be ‘of Grosvenor Place in the parish of Saint George, Hanover Square, Middlesex Esquire’, confirming other literary and genealogical sources which speak of the artist as ‘of the Circus, Bath and of Grosvenor Place, London’. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Abbey Green in 1882 |
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THe old St. James Church, where Marks and Spencders is now. On the left is Abbey Gate Street leading to a former school |
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St. James Church, where Marks and Spencders is now. On the left is Abbey Gate Street leading to a former school |
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Buildings which stood at the rear of Three Tuns Lodgings (Crystal Palace) where Swallow Lane is today. |
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Fact sheet on Crystal Palace site |
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Minion House in Abbey Green in Roman Times |
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Minion House in Abbey Green in 1200 |
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Minion House in Abbey Green in 1706 |
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Minion House in Abbey Green in 1770 |
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Minion House in Abbey Green in 1830 |
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Minion House in Abbey Green in 1959 |
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Minion House in Abbey Green in 2005 |
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The Talbot, later demolished on corner of Abbey Gate Street |
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The Three Tuns on the corner of Stall Street as it appeared in 1803 to Thomas Rowlandson. St. James`s Church can be seen in the background. |
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Marvellous Display of Flowers at Chrystal Palace and Marsh`s Jewellers. |
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The Gabled Front of The 3 Tuns Lodgings (Crystal Palace Inn) with a side passage connecting Abbey Green with Stall Street before it was refronted after 1753 when it was bought by John Harford from the Duke of Kingston. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
This original plan shows 9 Abbey Green before it was rebuilt by John Brabant with a gabled front similar to its neighbour. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gilmore`s Map of 1690 shows a row of gabled houses leading up to the Old Gate way to the Green which was demolished in 1733. Mignon House may well have looked similar to "Sally Lunns" which is one of the sole survivors of the original houses built in the 17th century by John Hall. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The same frontages in large scale map of 1885. |
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This is how the 3 Tune Lodgings (Crystal Palace would have looked after being refaced in 1660 by John Chapman of Weston. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
An elongated view of the 3 Tuns Lodgings as they looked in 1785 with the passage way underneath 9 Abbey Green (Mignon House) now covered in with a side window to the passage. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The Crytsal Palace given its name in 1851 after the Great Exhibition. It is hown here with its top storey which was used as a brewery and demolished in the 1930s | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The Crystal Palace as it looked in 1944. |
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To find out more about Abbey Green and the Kingston Estate that it originally formed part of click on "The Kingston Estate" |